动名词作表语
动名词作宾语
动名词作宾语用法如下: 1、作动词的宾语。某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语,不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有:admit,appreciate,excuse,stand,advise,allow,permit,avoid。例如:They went on walking and never stopped talking。(他们继续走,说个不停。) 有些动词之后既可接动词不定式,又可接动名词,可把这类动词分为三种类型:两种形式所表达的含义基本相同,可以互换。这类动词有:attempt ,begin,cease,continue。例如:They ceased talking/to talk。(他们停止说话。) 宾语用不定式和动名词所表达的含义略有变化。用不定式作宾语时,表示特定的一次性的未来动作;用动名词则表示一般的行为,或者是目前正在进行的行为。也可以说,动名词表示泛指的动作,而不定式表示特指的动作。 2、作介词的宾语。动词+介词+动名词,例如:The rain prevented us from completing the work。(下雨妨碍我们完成工作。)形容词+介词+动名词,例如:I know who is responsible for breaking the window。(我知道窗户是谁打破的。) 名词+介词+动名词,例如:There are many ways of doing it。(有许多方法可以做这件事。)介词+动名词也可在句中作状语,表示时间、条件等。例如:On leaving school,he went into business。(一离开学校,他就投身到商业中去了。) 3、作形容词的宾语。例如:The music is well worth listening to more than once。(这种曲子很值得多听几遍。)We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet。(我们正为马上到来的运动会忙着做准备。)
小学英语语法:动名词作主语、宾语和表语
动名词作主语 、 动名词作宾语 、 动名词作表语
1)作主语
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.
南方与北方开战了。
2)作宾语
a. 动词后加动名词doing作宾语 V. + doing sth
admit 承认 appreciate 感激,赞赏 avoid 避免
complete 完成 consider 认为 delay 耽误 deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 prevent阻止
fancy 想象 finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone 推迟 practise 训练 recall 回忆 resent 讨厌 resist 抵抗 resume 继续 risk 冒险
suggest 建议 face 面对 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 keep 继续
举例:
(1) Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
(2) The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.
b. 词组后接doing
admit to prefer…to be used to lead to devote oneself to object to stick to be busy look forward to to为介词)
no good, no use, It's worth…, as well as,
can't help, It's no use /good be tired of
be fond of be capable of be afraid of
be proud of think of / about hold off
put off keep on insist on count on / upon
set about be successful in good at take up
give up burst out prevent … from…
3)作表语
Her job is washing,cleaning and taking care of the children.
动名词作表语表示主语具有抽象名词的特性。
无论作什么成分,动名词本身就具有名词特征,这个名词特征只能指的是抽象名词的特征。所以动名词相当于抽象名词。例句Seeing is believing.主语和表语都是动名词相当于抽象名词作主语和表语,与表语说明主语并不矛盾。例句:Your task is cleaning the window. What I hate most is being laughed at. 中表语cleaning the window和being laughed at.是动名词短语,也相当于抽象名词,也可以说明主语。动名词作表语可以和主语互换意思不变。 具体名词可以抽象化,抽象名词也可以具体化,故不要求主表抽象名词一致。另外,有些完全名词化的ing名词已经没有动词特征,故不属于动名词。如a building中的building。是可数名词。
总之,动名词作句子成分时相当于抽象名词,与一般抽象名词不同的时它同时具有动词特征,可以带自己的宾语或状语构成动名词短语。